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Cell wall biochemistry of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) submitted to 1-methylcyclopropene Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Morais,Patrícia L.D.; Miranda,Maria R.A.; Lima,Luis C.O.; Alves,José D.; Alves,Ricardo E.; Silva,José D..
Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) is a climacteric fruit that ripens shortly after harvest. Studies on its conservation during storage have been mainly restricted to using low temperatures and modified atmospheres. In this study we investigated the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the physiological and biochemical changes that sapodilla cell wall undergoes during ripening and evaluated its potential to preserve sapodilla fruits at postharvest. Fruits were treated with ethylene antagonist 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 h and then stored under a modified atmosphere at 25ºC for 23 d. 1-MCP significantly delayed softening of sapodilla for 11 d as a consequence of inhibition of cell wall degrading enzyme activities, and thus 1-MCP-treated fruit exhibited a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cell wall hydrolases; Ethylene; Hemicellulose; Neutral sugar; Fruit ripening; Uronides.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000200001
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Cell wall hydrolases in the seeds of Euphorbia heterophylla L. during germination and early seedling development Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Suda,Cecilia N. K.; Buckeridge,Marcos S.; Giorgini,Jarbas F..
Activities of cell wall hydrolases of Euphorbia heterophylla L. (wild poinsettia) endosperm were investigated during pre- and post-emergence periods, defined as the time interval before and after 2.2 days from the start of imbibition, respectively. The activities of endo-beta-mannanase and beta-mannosidase are higher over the pre-emergence when compared to the post-emergence period and they may be involved in the process of germination in E. heterophylla. On the other hand, the activities of beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-xylosidase, beta-xylosidase and glucanases, which hydrolyse CMC, xyloglucans from Hymenaea courbaril or Copaifera langsdorffii, xylan, Avicel and lichenan, are higher over the post-emergence period. Activity on laminarin...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cotyledon expansion; Endosperm; Endoglucanase; Endomannanase; Euphorbiaceae; Xylanase.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202003000300002
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Challenges in proteome analyses of tropical plants Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Balbuena,Tiago S.; Dias,Leonardo L. C.; Martins,Mariana L. B.; Chiquieri,Tatiana B.; Santa-Catarina,Claudete; Floh,Eny I. S.; Silveira,Vanildo.
Genome sequencing of various organisms allow global analysis of gene expression, providing numerous clues on the biological function and involvement in the biological processes studied. Proteomics is a branch of molecular biology and biotechnology that has undergone considerable development in the post-genomic era. Despite the recent significant advancements in proteomics techniques, still there is much to be improved. Due to peculiarities to the plant kingdom, proteomics approaches require adaptations, so as to improve efficiency and accuracy of results in plants. Data generated by proteomics can substantially contribute to the understanding and monitoring of plant physiological events and development of biotechnological strategies. Especially for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: 2-DE; Mass spectrometry; Recalcitrant species; Proteomics; Unknown genome.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000200001
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Change in root apical protein and peroxidase activity in response to aluminum in tolerant and sensitive maize inbred lines Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Souza,Isabel Regina Prazeres de; Alves,Vera Maria Carvalho; Parentoni,Sidney Netto; Oliveira,Antônio Carlos de; Teixeira,Flávia França; MacAdam,Jennifer Wilson; Purcino,Antônio Álvaro Corsetii.
The effects of a short-term (80 min) exposure to 222 µM aluminum (Al) on the protein content and expression and on peroxidase activity and isoenzymes in the primary root of maize were evaluated. Two inbred lines differing in their level of tolerance to Al were used: Cateto 237 (tolerant) and L36 (sensitive). The apical 20 mm of the primary root was divided into 2-mm-long segments that were analyzed for total protein content and peroxidase activity. These results demonstrate that the total protein content along the root apex was not affected by Al in the tolerant inbred line, but decreased in the sensitive line. In the apical 2 mm of the root of the sensitive line, the expression of low molecular weight proteins (43 kDa or smaller) was decreased. Expression...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aluminum toxicity; Maize; Peroxidase isoforms; Root growth.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000300006
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Changes in growth and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber seedlings in response to nitrate stress Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Yang,Xiaoyu; Wang,Xiufeng; Wei,Min; Hikosaka,Shoko; Goto,Eiji.
The effects of three nitrate levels - 14(CK), 56(T-1), and 140 mmol L-1 (T-2) - on growth and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Xintaimici) seedlings grown in hydroponic culture were investigated. The results showed that at 12 d after treatment plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf number of cucumber seedlings were stimulated by 56 mmol L-1 nitrate, whereas were inhibited significantly by 140 mmol L-1 nitrate compared with CK. Short-term stimulation in photosynthetic rate occurred under T-1 treatment, and then recovered to the level of CK. Photosynthetic rate of T-2 seedlings significantly decreased over treatment course with respect to CK. Photosynthetic pigment content of T-1 and T-2 increased during the first 2 d,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chlorophyll a fluorescence; Hill reaction; Photosynthetic pigment content; Photosynthetic rate.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000400007
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Changes in growth and superoxide dismutase activity in Hydrilla verticillata L. under abiotic stress Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Panda,Sanjib Kumar; Khan,Mohammad Hussain.
A study was made of the role of various heavy metals (chromium, zinc, copper and cadmium) together with the effects of NaCl-salinity, PEG-mediated water stress and temperature on growth and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata L.). Almost all metals studied reduced growth but presented a modulatory effect at lower concentrations. NaCl-salinity, water stress and temperature treatments also reduced growth. SOD activity was inhibited by both chromium and zinc but increased by copper and cadmium. NaCl-salinity increased SOD activity while water stress decreased it. SOD showed thermostability with a higher activity being recorded at 45ºC.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Growth; Heavy metals; NaCl; PEG; Superoxide dismutase; Temperature.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000200007
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Changes in growth, pigment content and antioxidants in the root and leaf tissues of wheat plants under the influence of exogenous salicylic acid Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Sahu,Gopal Krishna; Sabat,Surendra Chandra.
The effect of various concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on the growth, pigment content and the activity of antioxidants was investigated in the laboratory grown wheat plants. The root and shoot growth was affected at higher concentration of SA in early days of growth. The activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaicol-specific peroxidase (POX) declined with the application of SA (50, 500 and 1000 µM), the decrease being more pronounced with the increase in SA concentrations both in the root and leaf tissues. On the other hand superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased with the application of SA. At low concentrations, SA has no effect on the activities of these enzymes in vitro. Salicylic acid at higher concentrations (5- and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antioxidants; Oxidative stress; Salicylic acid; Triticum aestivum L.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000300005
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Changes in growth variables and potassium content in leaves of Black Barley in response to NaCl Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Abu-Al-Basal,Mariam A.; Yasseen,Bassam T..
Much attention is being focused on the Black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) as a local cultivar offering good model for a cereal crop has traits of resistance to drought and salinity during vegetative growth stages. Although Black was sensitive to salt stress during germination, it developed gradual tolerance with age and proved very tolerant during growth and development stages. The data of study clearly revealed how this cultivar was superior over Arivat (Hordeum vulgare L.) in many physiological aspects such as leaf growth variables (i.e. rate and duration) and processes (i.e. cell division), tiller production and potassium content. Black barley had more tillers, faster rate and longer duration of growth processes which was accompanied with potassium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Black barley; Hordeum distichum L.; Cell division; Growth rate; Growth duration; Leaf growth; Arivat; Hordeum vulgare L.; Potassium; Salt stress.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000400002
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Changes in lipid profile during growth and senescence of Catharanthus roseus leaf Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Mishra,Sanjay; Tyagi,Abhishek; Singh,I.V.; Sangwan,R.S..
Various lipid classes and compounds were monitored during the period of leaf emergence to leaf drop of Catharanthus roseus. The expansion to early maturation phase was accompanied by cellular build-up of all major lipid classes, whilst aging and senescence were characterized by their substantial decline, except for the neutral lipids; the leaf monogalactosyl diglyceride/digalactosyl diglyceride ratio decreased from 4.3 (complete maturity) to 2.1 (abscised stage). The early maturation stage was the earliest stage when appreciable amounts of free sterols and fatty acids could be observed. Sterol/phospholipids ratios increased by 68-fold in the abscised leaf as compared to that at full maturity. The unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was far lower in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Catharanthus roseus; Glycolipids; Leaf development; Phospholipids; Senescence; Sterol.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000400002
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Changes in network connectance and temporal dynamics of gas exchange in Citrus sinensis under different evaporative demands Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Souza,Gustavo M.; Ribeiro,Rafael V.; Pincus,Steven M..
Stomatal aperture is an essential factor both in regulation of transpiration and net photosynthesis. This regulation is especially important in the response of plants to drought or to an increase in leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPD); however, such a regulation is part of a complex dynamical environment, associated with multiple regulatory pathways. Accordingly, we studied the effects of VPD on gas exchange of Citrus sinensis via the evaluation of two complementary analytic approaches, to approach an understanding of the full scope of the system interactions. First, we used classical statistical methodologies, e.g., means, coefficient of variation, and linear correlation. Second, we used measures developed for more model-independent applications,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Approximate entropy; Leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference; Network modulation; Time-series analysis.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000300001
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Changes in nitrate reductase activity and oxidative stress response in the moss Polytrichum commune subjected to chromium, copper and zinc phytotoxicity Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Panda,Sanjib Kumar; Choudhury,Shuvasish.
The main aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) on nitrate reductase (NR) activity and oxidative stress responses in the moss Polytrichum commune. Cr, Cu and Zn resulted in the inhibition of NR activity. A decline in total chlorophyll content was observed after 24 and 48 h of metal treatment. Accumulation of the metals showed a dose and time dependent increase. High accumulation of Cu, Cr and Zn were seen in moss shoots after 24 and 48 h of treatment. Treatment of Cr, Cu and Zn for 24 or 48 h resulted in the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content in moss shoots. The highest increase was observed in shoots under Cu treatment followed by Cr and Zn. The MDA content was significantly higher after 48h....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antioxidants; Chromium; Copper; Malondialdehyde; Nitrate reductase; Oxidative stress; Polytrichum commune; Zinc.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000200001
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Changes in pectins of the Xylopodium of Ocimum nudicaule from dormancy to sprouting Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Braga,Márcia Regina; Carpita,Nicholas C.; Dietrich,Sonia M. C.; Figueiredo-Ribeiro,Rita de Cássia L..
The thickened underground organ of Ocimum nudicaule is a tuber-like structure (xylopodium) that is dormant in winter and sprouts at the beginning of the spring. Changes in content of cell wall polysaccharides were shown to occur from dormancy to sprouting. Pectic polysaccharides of O. nudicaule were analyzed in relation to composition, molecular mass, and linkage structure in these two phenological phases. The pectin content was 33 % lower during sprouting when compared to dormancy. Changes were also observed in the molecular mass of the pectin fraction from dormancy to sprouting. Galacturonic acid was the predominant sugar, suggesting the presence of a homogalacturonan as the main pectic polysaccharide. A decrease in the acidic polysaccharides,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cell-wall polysaccharides; Cerrado; Lamiaceae; Underground reserve organs; Xylopodium.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000200009
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Changes in phosphate content and phosphatase activities in rice seedlings exposed to arsenite Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Mishra,Shruti; Dubey,R.S..
The effect of arsenite (As2O3) in situ on the level of the phosphate pool and activities of phosphohydrolytic enzymes was examined in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown for 5-20 d in sand cultures. The effects were manifested via a decline in phosphate content and inhibition of the activities of key phosphatases. Application of 50 µM As2O3 in situ resulted in 34 to 77% inhibition of acid phosphatase activity in roots and about 38 to 50% inhibition of activity in shoots of 15-20-d-old seedlings. Similarly, alkaline phosphatase activity was inhibited in shoots under in situ As (III) toxicity. Varietal as well as organ specific differences were observed in the response of inorganic pyrophosphatase activity to in situ As (III) treatment. A moderately toxic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Arsenite; Chloroplast; Mitochondria; Oryza sativa; Phosphate; Phosphatases.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000100003
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Changes in physiological indicators associated with salt tolerance in two contrasting cashew rootstocks Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Ferreira-Silva,Sérgio L.; Silveira,Joaquim A.G.; Voigt,Eduardo L.; Soares,Lucilene S.P.; Viégas,Ricardo A..
In order to identify salt tolerance indicators, several physiological variables were evaluated in two contrasting cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) rootstocks in response to salt stress. The tolerant CCP 09 genotype showed better growth performance after two weeks under a large range of NaCl salinity (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM). The NaCl treatments induced a significant drop in transpiration as a consequence of an increased stomatal resistance in both genotypes. No significant differences in Na+, Cl, and K+ concentrations were found in both roots and leaves regardless of rootstocks. The tolerant genotype exhibited lower relative water content and less negative leaf osmotic potential as compared with the sensitive genotype and, therefore, these variables...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale; Organic solutes; Salt stress; Salt tolerance; Sodium and chloride partitioning; Sodium-to-potassium ratio.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000100006
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Changes in the antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in wheat seedlings exposed to cadmium and lead stress Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Dey,Surjendu K.; Dey,Jayashree; Patra,Sanjukta; Pothal,Debasmita.
Wheat seedlings were grown in presence of CdCl2 (0-200 µM) and Pb(NO3)2 (0-2000 µM) separately. The growth of metal-treated seedlings was significantly depressed. The activities of antioxidative enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) were altered both in root and shoot tissues of 7-d-old seedlings. Under Cd stress, SOD activity in roots was undetectable even at the lowest Cd concentration (50 µM) whereas in shoots it declined sharply with increasing Cd levels. The activity of CAT declined to a greater extent in roots than in shoots. Even though the POX activity increased nine times in shoots, a decreasing trend was observed in root tissues due to Cd stress. Under Pb stress, the induction in SOD activity and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Catalase; Heavy metals; Peroxidase; Superoxide dismutase; Triticum.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000100006
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Changes induced by Cu2+ and Cr6+ metal stress in polyamines, auxins, abscisic acid titers and antioxidative enzymes activities of radish seedlings Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Choudhary,Sikander P.; Bhardwaj,Renu; Gupta,Bishan D.; Dutt,Prabhu; Gupta,Rajinder K.; Kanwar,Mukesh; Dutt,Pitamber.
The present study determined the effects of copper and chromium metals on the endogenous titers of polyamines, auxins, abscisic acid and antioxidative enzyme activities in Raphanus sativus L. cv. Pusa chetki seedlings. Among polyamines, putrescine and spermidine contents were enhanced by Cu2+ metal to 62.44 and 402.8 µg g-1 f.w. respectively over control. Spermine which was not observed in control was recorded in highest concentration (1287.9 µg g-1 f.w.) in Cu2+ metal stressed seedlings. On the other hand Cr6+ metal treated seedlings showed reduced contents of putrescine (1.43 µg g-1 f.w.), cadaverine (0.09 µg g-1 f.w.), spermidine (277.99 µg g-1 f.w.) and spermine (2.29 µg g-1 f.w.) when compared to control and Cu2+ metal treated seedlings. Significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Catalase; Chromium; Copper; Guaiacol peroxidase; Polyamines (PAs); Superoxide dismutase.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000400006
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Chill-induced changes in fatty acid composition of tonoplast vesicles from hypocotyls of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Oliveira,Luciana M. N. de; Sobreira,Alana C. de M.; Monteiro,Fernando de P.; Melo,Dirce F. de.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes induced by chilling on fatty acid composition of tonoplast vesicles from hypocotyls of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. The 7 day-old control seedlings were grown at 25°C while treated seedlings were submitted to low temperatures (10°C and 4°C) for 4 days after 3 days germination. The chilling stress resulted in a differential inhibition of plant growth at 10°C and 4°C. Following chilling at 10°C and 4°C, the rate of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids increased under chilling stress. Our results suggest that the increase of unsaturated fatty acids content as well as the higher rate unsaturated/saturate fatty acidsmight be used by V. unguiculata plants as an adaptation mechanism likely to maintain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Chilling; Cowpea; Lipid; Fatty acids; Membrane; Vacuole.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100008
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Chlorophyll a fluorescence as indicative of the salt stress on Brassica napus L. Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Bacarin,Marcos Antonio; Deuner,Sidnei; Silva,Fabio Sergio Paulino da; Cassol,Daniela; Silva,Diolina Moura.
The effects of salinity stress on chlorophyll fluorescence and the growth of Brassica napus L were investigated. The chlorophyll a fluorescence transient were recorded and analyzed according to the JIP-test which can quantify PSII performance. Salt stress resulted in decreased leaf area and dry matter compared with the control treatment (0 mM NaCl). The most pronounced effects of salt stress were observed with 200 mM NaCl, and the hybrids displayed different levels of sensitivity to stress. The Performance Index (PI ABS) was the most sensitive parameter to salt stress, which suggests that this parameter can be used to screen genotypes for salt tolerance.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Canola; Growth; JIP-Test/salt stress; Spring rapessed oil.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000400001
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Chlorophyll a fluorescence of sweet potato plants cultivated in vitro and during ex vitro acclimatization Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Cassana,Francine F.; Falqueto,Antelmo R.; Braga,Eugenia J. B.; Peters,Jose A.; Bacarin,Marcos A..
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) plants were cultivated in vitro in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 20 and 40 g L-1 of sucrose under two different photon flux densities (21 and 60 µmol m-2 s-1). Leaves developed in vitro mostly showed high variable to maximum fluorescence ratio (F V/F M) , indicating good development of photosynthetic apparatus. This ratio decreased during leaf aging, especially in the plants cultivated in vitro on medium with higher sucrose concentration and higher photon flux. Leaves developed ex vitro showed high F V/F M ratio during whole experiment. The effective photochemical efficiency (F V'/F M') was maximum at 15th day after emergence of leaves. Photosynthetic potential rate was higher in leaves developed in vitro than in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Culture medium; Photon flux density; Photosystem; Sucrose.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000300003
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Chlorophyll fluorescence in rice: probing of senescence driven changes of PSII activity on rice varieties differing in grain yield capacity Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Falqueto,Antelmo R.; Silva,Fabio S. P.; Cassol,Daniela; Magalhães Júnior,Ariano M.; Oliveira,Antônio C.; Bacarin,Marcos A..
With Japonica rice BRS Firmeza and indica rice BRS Pelota (low and high grain yield, respectively) as materials, Chl content and Chl a fluorescence parameters in flag leaves from the heading to mature grain stage were investigated. The Chl content and the Chl a fluorescence were measured using a portable chlorophyll meter CL-01 and portables fluorometer Handy-PEA and FMS-2 (Hansatech, Kings Lynn, UK), respectively. All measurements were taken on middle part of the flag leaves (n = 10). The results showed that the Chl content and Chl a fluorescence parameters declined after full expansion of flag leaves in both rice cultivars. However, these biochemical and photochemical parameters did not show similar changing pattern and the behavior of flag leaves...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: JIP-test; Non-photochemical quenching coefficient; Oryza sativa; Performance index; PSII photochemical efficiency; Stay green mutant rice.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100004
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